Cooling arrangement for internal combustion engines



June 7, 1938. K. SCHWAIGER 9,

COOLING ARRANGEMENT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION EINGIIINE'S Filed Feb. 10, 1936 (in veniar ATTomyE y Patented June 7, 1938 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE" COOLING ARRANGEMENT. FOR INTERNAL COLIBUSTION ENGINES Karl Schwaiger, Gaggenan/Baden, Germany, as-

signor to .Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, Stuttgart-Unterturkheim Germany Application February 10, 1936, Serial No. 63,229 11' Claims. (01.12am) My invention relates to internal combustion inserted liner. The liner is provided near its engines and, more particularly, to an improve"- upper end with a collar 12 forming a shoulder 41 ment of the liner which constitutes the cylinder, at a substantial distance from the end of the of such an engine and is arranged to be in diliner. The radial thickness of the collar d 5 rect contact with'the cooling liquid. gradually increases from the upper end of the 5 Prior to my invention it has been proposed liner towards the shoulder d, whereby a unito provide a liner of this type near its margin form dissipation of the heat towards the cooling with a collar which is conically tapered in an jacket is ensured. The plane end-face of the axial direction and arranged in contact with liner bears against the. plane face of the cylinderthe cooling water, the collar being formed with head b, a suitable gasket being interposed. The 10 a groove in its rim and with a shoulder near its tapered shape ofthe upper end of the liner has rim bearing on a similar shoulder provided on the advantage that the collar (1 arranged in dithe cylinder-jacket. This prior construction rect contact with the cooling water is more efleads to an objectionable accumulation. of maficiently cooled near its top where it is subjected terial at the point of contact between the liner to a higher, temperature than near its lower end. 15 and the cylinder-cover, whereby the effective The embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2 differs cooling at this hottest point of the liner is greatfrom that in Fig. 1 only by the relative arrangely impaired. This is liable to cause the liner to ment of the liner and the cylinder-head. In this be .overheated, whereby carbon will be formed embodiment, an annular groove 1 is provided in 90 by residual oil and the upper end of the piston the cylinder-head into which the upper end of may jam within the 'liner. Moreover, objecthe liner 12 projects, a suitable gasket being intionable stresses are set up in the collar of the terposed. This arrangement permits the width liner, when the nuts of 'the" cylinder-head are of the end-face of the liner to be dimensioned tightened, whereby the inner diameter of the smaller than it would be possible in the embodi- 55 cylinder may be reduced or the collar may even ment of Fig. 1. Moreover, the cooling effect is be tom-off the liner under adverse circumstances. increased as the gasket is so positioned that it The liability of injury to the collar'is enhanced does not interfere with the flow of heat. A leakby the provision 'of the corner situated in the ag pa t t as t s more fli y pr ent d hottest zone at the shoulder near the marginal by ts inclusion in the annular oo e- .0 rim of the liner. The embodiment of Fig. 1 is particularly so The object of myinvention is to avoid these adapted for engines provided with a plurality disadvantages. One feature'of my invention reof cylinders in a single row and for sheet-metal sides in the provision of the shoulder formed structures, whereas the embodiment of Fig. 2 is by the collar at a. substantial distance from the better adapted for engines in which each cylinder end of the liner. According'to another feature is provided with an individual cover or head. 35

of my invention, the end-'face of the liner is It will be seen that I have provided a construcsmooth and plane and the conical shape of the t which satisfies e bj c enumerated collar is made as'slim as possible, The d- .above and one which constitutes a valuableadface of the liner may abut directly against th vance in the art. While I have shown the inven- 40 plane cover of the cylinder or the end f th tion in certain physical embodiments, it is to be 4Q liner may project into an annular groove prounderstood that modifications of the structure vided in the cover. Preferably, a gasket is inshown may be d by t se skilled in this art serted in this groove and interposed between the without departing from my invention as exend-face of the liner and the cylinder-cover. P essed nthe c aims which follow. In the accompanying drawing, two preferred What I claim is: embodiments of my invention are illustrated, 1. In an internal combustion engine, the com- Fig. 1 showing an axial section'through the bination comprising a cooling jacket provided upper part of a cylinder in which the liner bears with an inner shoulder, a cylinder-liner mounted against a plane face of the cylinder cover; wherein said cooling jacket for direct contact with the as cooling liquid and provided with a plane end-face Fig. 2 is a similar view of a cylinder in which and with 'a'peripherai shoulder which is substanthe upper end of the liner projects into an antially spaced fromsaid end-face and bears on nular groove of the cylinder cover. said first-mentioned shoulder, and a plane cyl- In Fig. l a designates the cylinder jacket, b inder-cover abutting tightly against said endthe cylinder-head or cover, c the piston, 11 the face and said coolingjacket, said peripheral 55 shoulder being formed by a conical collar of the liner tapering towards said end-face.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination comprising a cooling jacket provided with an inner shoulder, a cylinder-liner mounted in said cooling jacket for direct contact with the cooling liquid and provided with a plane end.- face andwith a peripheral shoulder which is formed by a conical collar of the liner tapering towards said end-face and being of substantial axial length and which bears on said first-mentioned shoulder, and a cylinder-cover provided with an annular groove} the end of said liner projecting into said groove.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the 'combination comprising a cooling jacket provided with an inner shoulder, a cylinder-liner mounted in said cooling jacket for direct contact with the cooling liquid and provided with a plane end-.

face and with a peripheral shoulder which is substantially spaced from said end-face and bears on said first-mentioned shoulder, a plane cylinder-cover, abutting against said end-face and said cooling jacket, and a gasket between said cylinder-cover and said end-face, said peripheral shoulder being formed by a conical collar of the liner tapering towards said end-face. 4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination comprising a cooling jacket provided with an inner shoulder, a cylinder-liner mounted in said cooling jacket for direct contact with the cooling liquid and provided with a plane endface and with a peripheral shoulder which is formed by a conical collar of the liner tapering towards said end-face and being of substantial axial length and which bears on said first-mentioned shoulder, a cylinder-cover provided with an annular groove, the end ofsaid liner projecting-into said groove, and a gasket inserted in said groove.

5. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder housing, an inner shoulder provided on the cylinder housing, a cylinder cover firmly connected to said housing, and a cooling jacket, a cylinder liner positioned at one end against the cylinder cover, a shoulder surface on the cylinder liner abutting axially against the shoulder on the cylinder housing, said shoulder surface being positioned at a considerable distance axially from the joint between'the cylinder liner and the cylinder cover, and that end portion of the liner between the shoulder surface and the cylinder cover consisting of awall the thickness of which becomes less toward said cover and presents to the cooling fluid'substantially its entire cuter surface.

6. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder housing,an inner shoulder provided on the cylinder housing, a cylinder cove'r firmly connected with the housing and a cooling jacket, a

cylinder liner positioned at one end against the cylinder cover, a shoulder surface at the cylinder liner abutting axially against the shoulder on the cylinder housing, said shoulder surfaces being positioned at a considerable distance axially from the dividing joint between the cylinder liner and the cylinder cover, and that end portion of the liner between the shoulder surface and the cylinder cover consisting of a smooth surface which diminishes toward the'cylinder cover in a generally conical manner and presents to the cooling fluid substantially its entire outer surface.

7. In an internal combustion engine the combination according to claim 5 together with a circular groove in the cylinder cover in which the 'conical manner.

10. In an internal combustion engine, the comcylinder liner projects and tightly closes off the cylinder space.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder housing, a cylinder liner positioned in the same, and surrounding the cylinder space, an intermediate wall in the cylinder housing spaced from the cylinder liner, an outsidewall of thecylinder housing surrounding the same, an axially extending bearing surface positioned on the intermediate wall and which is positioned in the direction of the cylinder axis at a substantial discooling canal underneath the bearing surface is admitted, and passes around the bearing surface over the outside intermediate space between the intermediate wall and the outside wall of the cylinder into the cooling space above the bearing surface.

9. In an internal combustion engine, the coma bination according to claim 8 in which the .upper surface diminishes toward the end in a generally bination comprising a cooling jacket provided with an inner shoulder, a cylinder liner mounted in said cooling jacket for direct contact withthecooling liquid and provided with a peripheral shoulder which is substantially spaced from said end-face and bears on said first mentioned shoulder, a plane cylinder cover abutting tightly against said end-face, said peripheral shoulder being formed 'by a conical collar of the liner taperlng toward said end-face, and a centering surface for the cylinder lin'er positioned between the shoulder and the end of the cylinder liner opposite the cylinder cover.

11. In an internal combustion engine, the combination comprising a cooling jacket provided with an inner shoulder, a cylinder liner mounted in said cylinder jacket for direct contact with the Q end of the cylinder liner above the said bearing cooling liquid and provided with-a plane endface and with a peripheral shoulder which is substantially spaced from said end-face and bears on said first mentioned shoulder, and a plane cylinder cover abutting tightly against said end-face, said peripheral shoulder being formed by a conical collar of the liner tapering towards said endface, and said cooling jacket having an intermediate inner wall which has passages for the cooling .material above and below the shoulder, whereby the cooling material is conducted about the shoulder surfaces by an outside cooling canal formed by the additional inner wall.

12. The combination according to claim 2 in which said cylinder cover abuts said cooling jacket.

13. The combination according to claim 4 in which said cylinder cover abuts said cooling jacket.

14. In an internal combustion engine, the combination comprising a cooling jacket provided with an inner shoulder, a cylinder liner mounted in said cooling jacket for direct contact with the cooling liquid and provided with a plane end-face and with a peripheral shoulder which is sub- I stantially spaced from said end-face and bears on said first mentioned shoulder, aplane cylinder cover abutting tightly against said end-face,

said peripheral shoulder being formed by a conical collar of the liner tapering towards said endface, and passages in said cooling jacket for permitting the cooling liquid to contact said liner above and below said shoulder.

' 15. The combination according to claim' 2 including passages in said cooling jacket for per-.

mitting the cooling liquid to contact said liner above and below said shoulder.

16. The combination according to claim 5 including passages in said cooling jacket ior permitting the cooling iiquid to contact said liner above and below said shoulder.

17. The combination according to claim 6 including passages in said cooling jacket for permitting the cooling liquid to contact said liner above and below said shoulder.

KARL SCHWAIGER. 

